Tissue Repair & HealingAnecdotal

Ss-31 (elamipretide) Peptide Therapy

Benefits, Side Effects, Cost & Protocols

Ss-31 (elamipretide) peptide molecular structure diagram from PubChem

Elamipretide (SS-31), sold as Forzinity, is a mitochondrial cardiolipin binder approved for Barth syndrome treatment. It targets mitochondrial dysfunction by stabilizing the inner mitochondrial membrane and improving cellular energy production.

ByChris Riley(CFA)&Alex Evans, PharmD, MBA(PharmD, MBA)|Updated May 19, 2026

Clinically Reviewed

Reviewed by Alex Evans, PharmD, MBA · Updated May 2026

Evidence-Based

Sourced from FDA, PubMed & ClinicalTrials.gov · View sources

FDA Status

Research Only Not currently approved for human use in the US. Available as a research compound. Not eligible for compounding.

Evidence

Anecdotal

Who Is Ss-31 (elamipretide) Best For?

Mitochondrial function1 preclinical studyCellular energyOxidative stress protectionTissue repairNo published clinical studies found

How Ss-31 (elamipretide) Works

Targets cardiolipin in mitochondrial membrane, optimizing electron transport chain function and reducing reactive oxygen species.

Ss-31 (elamipretide) FAQ

What is SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE)?

SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted peptide researched for its ability to improve cellular energy production and protect against oxidative stress.

How does SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE) work?

Targets cardiolipin in mitochondrial membrane, optimizing electron transport chain function and reducing reactive oxygen species.

Is SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE) legal to buy?

SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE) is sold as a research chemical for laboratory use only. It is not approved for human use by the FDA. Regulations vary by jurisdiction.

Where can I buy SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE)?

SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE) is available as a research compound from verified online vendors. Always verify third-party testing before purchasing.

What category does SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE) belong to?

SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE) is primarily classified as a tissue repair & healing peptide. Peptides studied for their potential in wound healing, tendon/ligament repair, gut healing, and general tissue regeneration.

What are the research benefits of SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE)?

SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE) has been studied for: Mitochondrial function, Cellular energy, Oxidative stress protection, Tissue repair. Cellular energy repair; mitochondrial targeting.

Key Studies

119 total on PubMed36 human trials

Doxycycline induces mitochondrial dysfunction in aortic smooth muscle cells

Yap C, Wanga S, Wüst RCI et al

In Vitro · Vascul Pharmacol

Doxycycline induces mitochondrial dysfunction in aortic smooth muscle cells

Elamipretide(SS-31) Attenuates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Nrf2-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome in Macrophages

Nie Y, Li J, Zhai X et al

In Vitro · Antioxidants (Basel)

Elamipretide attenuates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via Nrf2-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition

Ss-31 (elamipretide) Compound Data

Molecular Formula

C32H49N9O5

Molecular Weight

639.8 g/mol

IUPAC Name

(2S)-6-amino-N-[(1S)-2-amino-1-benzyl-2-oxo-ethyl]-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-amino-5-guanidino-pentanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)propanoyl]amino]hexanamide

View full compound on PubChem

Ss-31 (elamipretide) News

Can This Peptide Help You See Better? - Men's Health

Men's Health · 1 month ago

New Research Highlights 10 Peptides You Shouldn’t Be Using - Outside Magazine

Outside Magazine · 20 days ago

Can This Peptide Help You See Better? - AOL.com

AOL.com · 1 month ago

Everything to Know about Trendy Peptide Injections and Glow Stacks - NewBeauty

NewBeauty · 1 month ago

Beneficial effects of SS-31 peptide on cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in tafazzin knockdown mice - Nature

Nature · 42 months ago

News aggregated via Google News. Inclusion does not imply endorsement.

Medical Disclaimer: The information on this page is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Peptide therapies have not been evaluated by the FDA for most listed indications.All prices shown are estimates based on publicly available data and may not reflect current pricing — providers and brands set their own prices and can change them at any time. Always verify pricing directly with the provider before purchasing. Consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting any peptide protocol.

Ready to explore Ss-31 (elamipretide) with a provider?

Take our 2-minute quiz to get matched with a board-certified provider specializing in Ss-31 (elamipretide).

Take the Quiz →